Peer Reviewed Publications
2022
DTM Poster Presentation
Cheng Yi Yuan, MD; Thomas Seidl, PhD; Huan-Ping Wu, PhD; David O’Neil MD; et al.
Feasibility of a prototype dual function glucose sensing and insulin delivering cannula
2020
Measuring glucose at the site of insulin delivery with a redox-mediated sensor.
Peter Jacobs, PhD; Nichole Tyler, Clara Mosquera-Lopez, PhD; Thomas Seidl, PhD; Robert Cargill, PhD; Ken Ward, MD; Jessica Castle, MD; et al.
The PDT group was able to adapt a redox-mediated chemistry to develop a unique, glucose sensing coating that is now patented. It allows accurate measurement of glucose at the site of insulin delivery. The feasibility of this 2nd generation chemistry was demonstrated in a human study in 2018 and the results published in 2020.
2017
An Amperometric Glucose Sensor Integrated into an Insulin Delivery Cannula: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation
Ken Ward, MD; Matthew Breen; Sheila Benware; Jessica Castle, MD; Robert Cargill, PhD; et al.
PDT began preparation of a first-generation prototype. However, another difficulty presented itself. It was discovered that the preservatives in the insulin formulation cause significant interference in the glucose signal — this, of course, could pose a health hazard to anyone using the device. This study showed that a specialized chemistry utilizing a very low polarizing bias was successful in measuring glucose in the immediate vicinity of insulin and its preservatives.
2015
Fabrication of a Flexible Amperometric Glucose Sensor Using Additive Processes
Jessica Castle, MD; Ken Ward, MD; Peter Jacobs, PhD; Robert Cargill, PhD; Gregory Hermann, PhD; et al.
Common challenges medical device companies face include difficulty scaling to commercial volumes and the unit cost of the electrodes that make up amperometric sensors. At PDT, we have developed a planar cannula and use ultra-thin coatings that have allowed us to immensely reduce the unit cost of our devices and increase the scaling potential of our design. Even during the relatively expensive R&D phase, we’ve managed to bring our unit material cost well below $1.
2014
Can Glucose Be Monitored Accurately at the Site of Subcutaneous Insulin Delivery?.
Ken Ward, MD; Jessica Castle, MD; Peter Jacobs, PhD; Robert Cargill, PhD
In 2014, the medical and scientific community were convinced that glucose measurement at the site of insulin delivery was not possible. It was thought that insulin would cause cells around the site of delivery to take up and deplete glucose in the area and make accurate measurement impossible. PDT challenged this belief and found that it is possible to accurately measure glucose at the site of insulin delivery.